What should a referee do if there is confusion over touches made during a bout?

When confusion arises over touches made during a bout, the appropriate action for the referee is to stop the bout and clarify the situation with the fencers. This step is crucial because it ensures that both fencers are aware of the correct score and any relevant actions that may have occurred, fostering fair play and maintaining the integrity of the competition.

Addressing the confusion directly allows the referee to gather the information needed to make an accurate decision, which reinforces their authority and the overall flow of the match. Clear communication is essential in ensuring that fencers understand the rules and decisions, helping to prevent further misunderstandings and promoting a respectful environment for both competitors.

Other options, such as ignoring the confusion or waiting for an assistant to clarify, can lead to additional issues, misunderstandings, or frustration among the fencers. Delegating the decision to the fencers themselves would undermine the referee's role and authority, as it is ultimately the responsibility of the referee to ensure adherence to the rules and make final judgments on the actions taking place in the bout.