What criteria must be met for a hit to be considered valid in fencing?

A hit in fencing is deemed valid when it is executed within the legal framework of the bout, which encompasses a set of rules that govern the conduct of the competitors during the match. This includes factors such as ensuring that the hit is made with the appropriate part of the weapon—typically the blade—and that it occurs during the prescribed moments of engagement between fencers. Validity also requires that the hit takes place while both fencers are adhering to the etiquette of the sport, including maintaining proper distance and engaging in a manner that promotes fair play.

Being off the piste, while it can impact the bout, does not inherently determine the validity of a hit itself. Additionally, performing a hit with style or ensuring the fencer is in the correct stance may enhance performance or appearance, but these aspects are not criteria that validate the hit under the rules of fencing. Therefore, the emphasis on adherence to the legal framework highlights the importance of both technique and compliance with the regulations, ensuring that all actions taken in the bout are recognized as legitimate by the referee.