How should a referee handle the situation if both fencers are unwilling to engage in the match?

The appropriate approach for a referee when both fencers are unwilling to engage in the match is to implement a final countdown. This method allows for a structured way to encourage action from the fencers and ensures that the regulation of the match is maintained. By introducing a final countdown, the referee gives both competitors a clear time limit to either engage in the bout or risk potentially compromising their standing in the match or competition. This technique serves to instigate movement and combativeness, pivotal elements in fencing, while also providing a definitive conclusion to the situation if neither fencer responds.

Other options, such as forcing them to continue, declaring the bout over, or removing them from the match, do not effectively resolve the issue of inaction or promote fair play as a countdown does. They may also undermine the competitive spirit of the match. Implementing a countdown strikes a balance between maintaining discipline and encouraging competitive engagement.