How does a referee signal a valid hit in fencing?

When a referee signals a valid hit in fencing, the established protocol involves calling out the point scored and raising their arm towards the fencer who has successfully landed a hit. This clear gesture not only communicates the decision to the fencers but also to the audience and other officials present. The raised arm indicates which fencer has scored, ensuring there is no ambiguity about the outcome of the touch.

This method ensures an accurate and immediate recognition of the point, which is crucial in the fast-paced environment of fencing matches. It provides visual clarity and allows both fencers to understand the scoring status promptly, thus maintaining the flow of the bout. The other methods listed, such as blowing a whistle, clapping hands, or waving a flag, do not align with the standard practices of signaling valid hits in fencing matches and may lead to confusion about the scoring.